With an increase in corn demand, some farmers are planting more corn-on-corn acres. But demand is not the only factor affecting planting decisions. Soil quality, yield, fertilizer costs, equipment, time and seed choices are just a few of the factors that play a role in planting continuous corn. Conservation management also is an important part of the farming operation.
Every producer’s farm is different. Here are a few things to consider if you plant continuous corn.
- Soil fertility may be affected when crops are not rotated. Some studies have shown yield drag; others have noted no change in yields.
- Will you have to till the land to maximize yield on your farm?
- Do you have the time and/or manpower to plant and harvest additional corn? Have you considered your equipment needs for additional corn acres?
- How is your revenue-per-acre affected?
The links below provide information for farmers to use in their decision-making on the farm regarding continuous corn.
What is Mycotoxin, Aflatoxin, Fumonisin
The two primary mycotoxins affecting corn are Aflatoxin and Fumonisin.
Aflatoxin is produced by the Aspergillus family of molds and is most prevalent in corn, cotton, peanuts and tree nuts. Fungus growth can continue in storage under certain environmental conditions. Aflatoxin can be caused by several vectors, but is most commonly related to drought-stressed corn followed by periods of high humidity. Aflatoxin more commonly occurs in southern states.
Fumonisin is produced by the Fusarium family of molds, similar to Fusarium Ear Rot. Fumonisin is highly toxic to some species, especially horses.
Other mycotoxins, such as Citrinin, Cyclopiazonic acid, Penicillic acid, Deoxynivalenol (DON or vomitoxin), Ochratoxin A, Zearalenone, and Trichothecenes (T-2) may also affect corn.
This section provides information on FDA guidelines for acceptable mycotoxin levels for feed, and links to more information on this subject.
ACCEPTABLE AFlatoxin & Fumonisin levels for feed
Mycotoxins - Recommended Management Practices
Cooperative Extension Services and landgrants in a number of states have published recommended management practices.
Crops with a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) trait have been modified to produce a protein that is toxic to various forms of insect larvae. Bt corn hybrids have been commercially available to farmers for more than 20 years and have contributed to a reduction in pesticide use to fight the most damaging corn insect pests.
Use the Handy Bt Trait Table, published by Michigan State University and Texas A&M University, to better understand the Bt products on the market today.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires all farmers using Bt crops to plant a refuge, or a percentage of the field that does not contain Bt traits. Farmers across much of the corn belt have many refuge-in-a-bag (RIB) options while farmers in cotton-growing areas are required to plant a separate, structured refuge. Planting a refuge decreases the risk of insects developing resistance to Bt protein, as it leaves vulnerable insects nearby to mate with any rare resistant insects that may emerge from the biotech crop.
You can use the Refuge Look-Up Tool for a quick reference guide on the type of refuge required for your fields. Always consult with your seed provider to understand the stewardship requirements specific to your hybrid.
Even with refuge requirements, growers can and should take additional action to ensure Bt traits remain a viable option for pest control for many years to come. NCGA and the Agricultural Biotechnology Stewardship Committee supports the Take Action program to provide corn growers with information and resources on Bt stewardship and best management practices. You can also access additional information on the importance of refuge planting on the Take Action website.
As one of the most threatening pests of corn production, additional tactics are recommended for managing corn rootworm each year. Click here to view for more information on strategies to effectively manage corn rootworm.
Pesticide resistance continues to threaten farmers’ ability to efficiently and sustainability raise a crop each year. NCGA supports the Take Action program, which is a farmer-focused platform designed to help farmers manage herbicide, fungicide and insecticide resistance. The goal is to encourage farmers to adopt management practices that lessen the impacts of resistant pests and preserve current and future crop protection technology.
The following are only a few of the resources available from the Take Action program that can be used when making input decisions that will help steward technologies for years to come. The Take Action program also maintains a mobile app with lookup tools for herbicides, fungicides and insecticides. Click here for more information and quick links to download for both iOS and Android systems.
The Take Action program is an industry-wide effort endorsed by major row crop commodity organizations, university scientists, and crop protection and trait providers.
Take Action Herbicide Classification Chart
Take Action Fungicide Classification Chart
In conjunction with the Plant Management Network, NCGA is pleased to provide access to regular webinars that help growers enhance the health, management and production of their corn crops.
Click here for the latest webcasts
Plant Management Network is a not-for-profit, online publishing effort whose mission is to enhance the health, management, and production of agricultural and horticultural crops. PMN achieves this mission by developing science-based resources that help researchers, crop management professionals, consultants, growers, educators, and students make better plant management decisions and recommendations. PMN is jointly managed by the American Phytopathological Society, American Society of Agronomy, and Crop Science Society of America, in conjunction with many other partners, including scientific societies, agricultural universities, and agribusiness.
NCGA is an active participant in several industry groups working on collaborative solutions for pollinator health on or near agricultural lands. Although corn is wind pollinated and does not benefit from insect pollination, a healthy and diversified ecosystem remains important to the long-term operation and sustainability of corn farms. Farmers will undoubtedly find a diverse array of pollinators in their corn fields and can take steps to help protect these species. The following guide provides additional information and best management practices for supporting pollinator health.
Best Practi ces for Pollinators Apr. 2019
Partners:
EDF Monarch Butterfly Habitat Exchange
Production News
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Kansas and Ohio Field Notes“Our corn is in surprisingly good condition. Right now, I would say that most are good, and...
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Kansas and Missouri Field Notes“The corn is doing very well. It was starting to get pretty dry around here. Then, last...
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Minnesota and Iowa Field Notes“I am happy with the way our crop is looking now. It’s between knee- and waist-high and...
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